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Plato

Plato (c. 427-347 BCE)

“If someone is self-disciplined and good-tempered, old age isn’t too much of a burden; otherwise, it’s not just a question of old age, Socrates – such a person will find life difficult when he’s young as well.”

  • From Republic (329d) by Plato, translated by Robin Waterfield (Oxford World’s Classics, 2008).

 

Egil

Egil Skallagrimsson (10th century Viking-age poet)

“Blind, I must bear
this eye ailment,
blunder to the fire, beg
mercy from a maidservant;
formerly a fierce king
warmed to my words;
the noble lords of lands
gave me gold as reward.”

  • From Egil’s Saga, translated here by Sigurdur Nordal (1933). The saga, written between the 10th and 13th centuries, gives a rare glimpse into the mind of a viking warrior who outlived his prime and lived on to become an elderly man. Besides being an incredibly successful viking, Egil was also a life-long poet.

 

Lucian of Samosata

Lucian of Samosata (2nd century CE Satirist)

“The noblest of philosophies for sale, the most distinguished; who’ll buy? Who wants to be more than man? Who wants to apprehend the music of the spheres and to be born again?”

  • In this passage from Philosophies for Sale, Lucian satirizes the various philosophies of the Roman world. He likens philosophy teachers to merchants advertising their wares.

 

Homeric Hymn To Demeter

Spoken by Demeter (a Greek goddess) in the hymn:

“Humans are short-sighted, stupid, ignorant of the share of good or evil which is coming to them.”

  • This quote is from the 7th century BCE Homeric Hymn to Demeter (approximately lines 255-260), translated by David G. Rice and John E. Stambaugh (Society of Biblical Literature Sources for Biblical Study, 1979).

Mencius

Mencius (c. 372-289 BCE)

“A man must not be without shame, for the shame of being without shame is shamelessness indeed.”

  • From The Mencius (Book VII, Part A, section 6) by Mencius, translated by D. C. Lau (Penguin Classics, 2003).

 

Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius (121-180)
Roman Emperor

“Think thyself fit and worthy to speak, or do anything that is according to nature, and let not the reproach, or report of some that may ensue upon it, ever deter thee.”

  • From Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations, Book 5, meditation 3, (Xist Publishing edition, 2015).

 

Porphyry

Porphyry (lived approximately c. 234-305)

“What I am about to say may seem surprising to some, namely that the gods have proclaimed Christ to be most pious and immortal, and that they remember him in a laudatory way.”

  • He was a critic of Christianity in the Roman Empire. One of his most effective tactics was urging for Jesus to be accepted into the pantheon of Roman gods. This quote is from his work, Philosophy from Oracles. This selection was recorded in the works of Eusebius, Augustine and Lactantius. Sadly, Porphyry’s original Philosophy from Oracles remains lost.

 

Diogenes Laertius

Diogenes Laertius (3rd Century biographer of philosophers)

“No part of philosophy is separate from another part; they all combine as a mixture.”

 

Epicurus

Epicurus (341-270 BCE)
From Principal Doctrines (Kuriai doxai)

“Of all the things which wisdom secures for the attainment of happiness throughout the whole of life, by far the greatest is the possession of friendship.”

  • From Epicurus’ Principal Doctrines (Kuriai doxai, K.D.27), translated in Hellenistic Philosophy: Stoics, Epicureans, Sceptics by A. A. Long (University of California Press, 1986).

 

Heraclitus

Heraclitus (6th and 5th Century BCE)

“One thing is wisdom: to be skilled in the plan upon which all things are controlled throughout the universe.”

  • From fragment 41 of Heraclitus, translated by Diels-Kranz, c. 1951-52.